|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MSS EUR HODGSON/78 Lepcha texts on tradition and culture and Limbu alphabet
book 1846 (collection and copy
date) |
|
|
Material on Lepcha legends, culture and
tradition (continued from Volume 77), includes the texts of
Sa-kun de-luk (Sakon's Return from the Dead),
story of Lord Ta-she Sung,
Rum-mit king-tsum dar-mit (the Goddess of
Destiny) together with a textbook of the Limbu
script with Nagari transliteration covering 20 letters (from
'kā' 'vā' to 'cā-ñā') written with different
vowel signs in 29 paradigms (from 'kā' 'bā' to
'kep' 'vep'). |
|
|
|
|
1[vol.78 fol(s)1-127] Lepcha book on Sakon, Kingsum,
Choten and Nepali summary of Ta-she
sung 1903 Nepali hand-made paper, fine condition, fair writing, ff.
123-127 blank. |
|
|
|
|
Lepcha Nepali |
|
|
|
|
Lepcha religious literature, mainly in the Lepcha language and script
but some with Nepali translations. |
|
|
|
|
ff. 1-47: Text of Sakon's Return from the Dead (original Lepcha:
Sa-kun de-luk). This book of legends relates
to sins and punishments, description of the residence or land of the God
of Death (Yamaraja) and judgement and punishment offered to
sinners under his supreme command. This text falls under the categories
of De-luk and
Thok-dra. There is a note on the date of
writing in the Nepali section at the end of the text; |
|
|
|
|
ff. 48 verso-53: Incomplete summary of the story of Ta-she sung
(Tasyething) or so-called Gorakhnāth
(translated from Lepcha into Nepali). This is in fact a story related to
Padmasambhava. For other manuscripts
with similar subject matter, see [vol 77/01
fol.1-39] ,[vol 78/03
fol.156-315][vol 80/04
fol.65-145] ; |
|
|
|
|
ff. 54-78: Text of legends related to the Goddess of Destiny
(original Lepcha: Rum-mit king-tsum dar-mit)
with Nepali translation. Contains moral instructions particularly for
women including traditional female religious and household duties as
well as sins and immoral acts committed by women and the punishments
they attract. For another Lepcha-only text, see [vol 77/08
fol.155-161] ; |
|
|
|
|
ff. 79-122: Lepcha book of prayer to the Cho-ten (stupa) or
Chuten mun-lom (Tibetan
mChod-rten smon-lam) partly written in the
form of a dialogue between Sang-ge kun-ga-wu
(Lord Buddha or in Tibetan Sangs-rgyas kun-dga'-po) and Tuk-bo thing (Lord Tukbo). This is a book of
prayers and rituals also dealing with ethics, virtue, vice and
prophecies explaining in detail the many calamities, disasters, wars and
diseases that human beings will have to suffer. The included stories
appear to contain a mixture of Buddhist and Hindu elements and the text
seems to be related to the Great
Baudhanath Stupa of Kathmandu known in Tibet or among Tibetan
Buddhist communities as Bya-rung
kha-shor. On the title page, a Nepali title description with
Roman transliteration; one line of Kaithi writing in the Nepali language
reading "svasthi srī sarvopamājogya rājajarāva (sic.)
sāmartha" (correct form of this should be 'rājabhārā
sāmartha'). |
|
|
|
|
2[vol.78 fol(s)128-155] Lepcha book on offerings and placating the gods, original
Lepcha title: Rum-fat 1846 Nepali hand-made paper, fine condition, fair
writing. |
|
|
|
|
Lepcha Nepali |
|
|
|
|
Original Lepcha text with Nepali
translation. |
|
|
|
|
Formula for religious offerings to placate gods and demigods
performed by Lepcha priest Dhanthing,
traditional healing by offering animal and bird sacrifices along with
lots of other things, tradition and customs of the Lepcha people; Nepali
title description with English transliteration on the title and final
pages reads "deutāle dukhdā dhanthiṅle garnyāko pustak ho"
(folio 128 recto) and "lāpcyāharuko dhanthiṇle garnyā devdevāko
pujjadāko vidhi sarājāmako" (folio 155 verso). |
|
|
|
|
3[vol.78 fol(s)156-315] Lepcha book of the Story of
Lord Tashe (Tashething),
original Lepcha title: Ta-se sung (three different
copies) 1846 Nepali hand-made and machine-made paper, a portion is
deteriorating, otherwise in fine condition, fair writing, (ff. 309-311
blank). |
|
|
|
|
Lepcha Nepali |
|
|
|
|
Text of Tashe or Tashething story (Lepcha version of the biographic
stories related to Padmasambhava,
similar to Padma bka'-thang or
Mani-bka'-bum) known or introduced as the
story of Gorakhnath in Nepali
translation and summary presumably due to Hindu influence. It describes
the legendary miraculous life of Lord Tashe including important events,
extraordinary powers, knowledge, wisdom and blessings, taming of evil or
demonic spirits, views on life and death; original Lepcha text with
Nepali translation. For another incomplete summary in Nepali, see
[vol 78/01
fol.48 verso-53
recto] , in Nagari transcription and with Hindi
translation complete, see [vol 77/01
fol.1-40] and for a complete Lepcha-only
text, see [vol 80/04
fol.65-145] (Lepcha religious literature). |
|
|
|
|
4[vol.78 fol(s)315v-321] Kiranti or Limbu alphabet book or script learning
material 1846 Nepali hand-made paper, fine condition, excellent writing,
written in left to right order, folio 115 blank. |
|
|
|
|
Nepali |
|
|
|
|
Limbu verb forms followed by presentation of Limbu script with Nagari
transliteration including 29 sets, each with a particular vowel or
vowel-consonant combination preceded by the consonant series from
k to y. Translation/transcription by Imam
Singh Chemjong, made in 1962/63 under an arrangement with R.K. Sprigg,
isincluded in MSS Eur D 537 in the British Library. |