MSS EUR HODGSON/78 Lepcha texts on tradition and culture and Limbu alphabet book 1846 (collection and copy date)
Material on Lepcha legends, culture and tradition (continued from Volume 77), includes the texts of Sa-kun de-luk (Sakon's Return from the Dead), story of Lord Ta-she Sung, Rum-mit king-tsum dar-mit (the Goddess of Destiny) together with a textbook of the Limbu script with Nagari transliteration covering 20 letters (from 'kā' 'vā' to 'cā-ñā') written with different vowel signs in 29 paradigms (from 'kā' 'bā' to 'kep' 'vep').
1[vol.78 fol(s)1-127] Lepcha book on Sakon, Kingsum, Choten and Nepali summary of Ta-she sung 1903 Nepali hand-made paper, fine condition, fair writing, ff. 123-127 blank.
Lepcha Nepali
Lepcha religious literature, mainly in the Lepcha language and script but some with Nepali translations.
ff. 1-47: Text of Sakon's Return from the Dead (original Lepcha: Sa-kun de-luk). This book of legends relates to sins and punishments, description of the residence or land of the God of Death (Yamaraja) and judgement and punishment offered to sinners under his supreme command. This text falls under the categories of De-luk and Thok-dra. There is a note on the date of writing in the Nepali section at the end of the text;
ff. 48 verso-53: Incomplete summary of the story of Ta-she sung (Tasyething) or so-called Gorakhnāth (translated from Lepcha into Nepali). This is in fact a story related to Padmasambhava. For other manuscripts with similar subject matter, see [vol 77/01 fol.1-39] ,[vol 78/03 fol.156-315][vol 80/04 fol.65-145] ;
ff. 54-78: Text of legends related to the Goddess of Destiny (original Lepcha: Rum-mit king-tsum dar-mit) with Nepali translation. Contains moral instructions particularly for women including traditional female religious and household duties as well as sins and immoral acts committed by women and the punishments they attract. For another Lepcha-only text, see [vol 77/08 fol.155-161] ;
ff. 79-122: Lepcha book of prayer to the Cho-ten (stupa) or Chuten mun-lom (Tibetan mChod-rten smon-lam) partly written in the form of a dialogue between Sang-ge kun-ga-wu (Lord Buddha or in Tibetan Sangs-rgyas kun-dga'-po) and Tuk-bo thing (Lord Tukbo). This is a book of prayers and rituals also dealing with ethics, virtue, vice and prophecies explaining in detail the many calamities, disasters, wars and diseases that human beings will have to suffer. The included stories appear to contain a mixture of Buddhist and Hindu elements and the text seems to be related to the Great Baudhanath Stupa of Kathmandu known in Tibet or among Tibetan Buddhist communities as Bya-rung kha-shor. On the title page, a Nepali title description with Roman transliteration; one line of Kaithi writing in the Nepali language reading "svasthi srī sarvopamājogya rājajarāva (sic.) sāmartha" (correct form of this should be 'rājabhārā sāmartha').
2[vol.78 fol(s)128-155] Lepcha book on offerings and placating the gods, original Lepcha title: Rum-fat 1846 Nepali hand-made paper, fine condition, fair writing.
Lepcha Nepali
Original Lepcha text with Nepali translation.
Formula for religious offerings to placate gods and demigods performed by Lepcha priest Dhanthing, traditional healing by offering animal and bird sacrifices along with lots of other things, tradition and customs of the Lepcha people; Nepali title description with English transliteration on the title and final pages reads "deutāle dukhdā dhanthiṅle garnyāko pustak ho" (folio 128 recto) and "lāpcyāharuko dhanthiṇle garnyā devdevāko pujjadāko vidhi sarājāmako" (folio 155 verso).
3[vol.78 fol(s)156-315] Lepcha book of the Story of Lord Tashe (Tashething), original Lepcha title: Ta-se sung (three different copies) 1846 Nepali hand-made and machine-made paper, a portion is deteriorating, otherwise in fine condition, fair writing, (ff. 309-311 blank).
Lepcha Nepali
Text of Tashe or Tashething story (Lepcha version of the biographic stories related to Padmasambhava, similar to Padma bka'-thang or Mani-bka'-bum) known or introduced as the story of Gorakhnath in Nepali translation and summary presumably due to Hindu influence. It describes the legendary miraculous life of Lord Tashe including important events, extraordinary powers, knowledge, wisdom and blessings, taming of evil or demonic spirits, views on life and death; original Lepcha text with Nepali translation. For another incomplete summary in Nepali, see [vol 78/01 fol.48 verso-53 recto] , in Nagari transcription and with Hindi translation complete, see [vol 77/01 fol.1-40] and for a complete Lepcha-only text, see [vol 80/04 fol.65-145] (Lepcha religious literature).
4[vol.78 fol(s)315v-321] Kiranti or Limbu alphabet book or script learning material 1846 Nepali hand-made paper, fine condition, excellent writing, written in left to right order, folio 115 blank.
Nepali
Limbu verb forms followed by presentation of Limbu script with Nagari transliteration including 29 sets, each with a particular vowel or vowel-consonant combination preceded by the consonant series from k to y. Translation/transcription by Imam Singh Chemjong, made in 1962/63 under an arrangement with R.K. Sprigg, isincluded in MSS Eur D 537 in the British Library.